Apparatus for forming double-headed nails



April 24, 1928.

N. YATES, JR

APPARATUS FOR FORMING DOUBLE BEADED NAILS Filed May 23, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 1 o a 1 8 0 [L9 L gnmni'oz /5 A afhanieI yafes,c/rt

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April 24, 1928.

1,667,338 N. YATES, JR

APPARATUS FOR FORMING DOUBLE BEADED NAILS Filed May 23. 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 afhaniel yafes jr:

Patented Apr. 24, 1 928.

UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE.

NATHANIEL YATTEE, JR., OF AUGUSTA, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO I. A. NEIDEBCOI- PANY, YOF AUGUSTA, KENTUCKY, A CORPORATION OF KENTUCKY.

V APPARATUS FOR FORMING DOUBLE-HEADED NAILS.

Application filed May 23/1925. Serial No. 82,459.

An object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for forming doubleheaded nails.

Another object is to provide an apparatus for the purpose stated bymeans of which double headed nails may be made with greateruniformity-and with greater speed.

Another object is to provide an apparatus which will permit the use ofless expensive stock and a relatively smaller quantity of said stock pernail.

These and other objects are attained by the means described herein anddisclosed in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus for successivelyperforming the operations of making the double headed nails of myinvention.

' Fig. 2 is a plan view of a dial plate and the mechanisms co-operatingtherewith and forming details of the device shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a reduced perspective View of a washer feeding mechanismemployed in the apparatus of my invention.

Fig. 7 is a view, partly in cross section, showing the component partsof the double headed nails before they are secured on one another.

Fig. 8 is across sectional view of a completed nail made by the methodof my invention.

Double headed nails have heretofore been made'by utilizing nails havingan elongated head structure and passing the shank of the nail through acollar of cold rolled steel, the parts being secured together by adriving fit of the nail in the perforation in the collar. This processis expensive in that the collar stock is necessarily formed from stripsteel which is perforated, after which the nail is driven into theperforation, following which the collar stock is cut from the strip. Itwas necessar to use cold rolled steel for this old method because if thewasher or collar stock be harder than the nail, it will strip the nail.

It is also found that it is too expensive to use circular washerscutfrom cold rolled steel. Because of the driving fit in the nail in thewasher, a very heavy machine was required to perform the drivingoperation.

The method of my invention permits use of hot rolled steel for thecollar member and the stock for said collar may be inexpensively securedfrom scrap stock. Nails made by the method of my invention may beproduced in quantities by utilizing an a paratus, as is describedherein. Washers rom hot rolled stock may be inexpensively made in acircular form which is adapted to be readily fed from a hopper. Themethod of my invention comprises the employment of a nail 10 having anelongated head portion 11. The nail 10 is passed through a washer 12 whch may be made of hot rolled stock and which is quite inexpensive. Theperforation 13 in the washer 12 is slightly larger than the shank of thenail 10. The diameter of the elongated head 11 is somewhat greater thanthe diameter of the perforation 13 so that the washer will abut theshoulder 14 on the head 11. The nail and washer, positioned as shown inFig. 7, are placed upon a bell mouthed swage nunch such as 15 with thecutting or swaging edge 16 engaging the under side of washer 12. Thebore 17 of the bell mouthed punch is adapted to accommodate the shank ofthe nail 10 and to position said nails in the center of the washer. Acup-shaped plunger is adapted to strike the upper face of washer 12 andalso the head 11', whereupon the stock or washer material adjacent theperforation 13 is swaged inwardly and rigidly around the shank of thenail so that a substantial and uniform prodnot is attained. For quantityproduction of the nails of my invention, I have provided a synchronizeddevice for taking the washers from a hopper 18, dropping a nail 10through the perforation 13 in 'a washer such as 12, positioning thewasher and nail over a swage 15, swaging a nail to the washer andfinally completing the article.

The apparatus of my invention may be conveniently produced by employinga light duty punch press such as 19 and equip ping it with certainhereinafter described mechanisms which are all synchronously actuated bythe punch press 19. The unch press 19 is provided with the usual ta le20 which carries on its upper face a. dial plate or revolving table 21having spaced perforations 22 of a diameter adapted to receive one ofthe washers 12. As shown in Figs. 1 and 6, a revolving hopper 18 isadapted to discharge the washers 12 down an inclined chute 23 and toposition said washers upon a pair of fingers 24 above one of theperforations 22 in the dial plate or revolving table 21. The upper faceof the end portions of fingers 24 are slightly hollowed or dlshed as at25 so that the washer will be positioned substantially over a fixedpoint. The rotatable table 21 is adapted to be intermittently actuatedby means of a pawl 26 mounted upon a reciprocating arm 27 and yieldinglyretained in engagement with the edge of the revolving plate 21 by anysuitable means such as a spring 28. The revolving table 21 carriesnotches 29 in which the end 30 of the pawl 26 may seat after whichlongitudinal movement of the reciprocating arm 27 will cause the pawl 26to rotatably actuate the revolving plate 21. A pivotally mounted lever31 carries a stop pin 32 which intermittently engages the periphery ofrevolving plate 21 and. is adapted to enter the notches 29 foraccurately positioning the plate 21 after each impulse or partialrot-ation. A spring 33 serves to normally retain the stop pin 32 inengagement with the plate 21 while the pin 320, on. reciprocating arm 27intermittently moves the lever 31 and stop pin 32 outwardly until thepawl 30 has moved one of the notches 29 out of registry with the stoppin 32. The reciprocating arm 27 and pawl may be conveniently actuatedin synchronism with the other mechanisms of the device by means of apivotally mounted arm 34 operated from the main drive or crank shaft 35of the punch press 19. A spring cushioned plunger 36 is supported upon abracket 37 carried by the main plunger 38 of the punch press 19. Themain plunger 38 also carries the several remaining punches and plungersof the device which will be hereinafter described. In this way perfectsynchronism of the moving parts may be attained with a minimum of simpleparts. The spring cushioned plunger 36 is adapted to descend with themain plunger 38 and to engage a washer held on the dished portion 25 ofthe fingers 24. The fingers 24 are adapted to be yieldingly separated asa washer 12 is forced downwardly on the dished ortions 25 thereof sothat said washer may e pushed into one of the perforations 22 which hasbeen brought into alignment with the fingers. In this way, the hopper18, washer slide 23 and fingers 24 serve to keep a constant supply ofwashers upon the dished portion 25 of the fingers and thespringc-ushioned plunger 36 will push one of the washers into the otherperforations 22 as the revolving plate is intermittently brought torest. A washer 12, having been deposited in one of the perforations 22in the revolving plate is carried upon the upper face of the table 20and there it is brought to rest over a perforation 39 in the table 20.The perforation 39 is tapered and has its smallest diameter at the upperface of said table. A split bell mouthed sWa-ge 15 comprisingsemi-cylindrical parts having a spring 40 interposed between them isseated in a depression 41 upon a rocking member 42 pivotally mountedupon a suitable depending lug 43. A ram or plunger 44 secured to themain plunger 38 is adapted to descend upon the end 45 of the rockingmember 42 and to raise the split swage 15 so that the sharp. swagingedge 16 rises slightly above the upper face of the table 20 at whichtime the members of said swage are clamped tightly upon one another andserve to clamp about the shank of a nail 10. A nail feed mechanism,indicated generally as 46, is adapted to depress one of the nails 10into perforation 22 and through the perforation 13 in the washer 12contained therein. The members of the swage 15 are separated by theaction of spring 40 when the nail enters the washer and bore 17 in theswage, they swage being closed by the action of plunger 44 and rockingmember 42 for clamping the nail and raising the swagin-g edge 16 of theswage 15 above the table. A hammer 47 having a recess 48 thereindescends at the same time upon the head 11 of the nail 10 and swages thematerial of the washer 12 inwardly about the shank 10 of the nail. Aswill be apparent from Fig. 3, the hammer 47 drives the shoulder 14 ofthe nail into abutment with the upper face of the washer 12 just priorto the swaging action, so that the washer is definitely positioned inabutment with the shoulder at the time the swaging action takes place.

The nail feed 46 comprises a pain of spaced bars 49 and 50 having a way51 between them. posed at an angle to the table 20 as shown in Fig. 1and the nails 10 are adapted to have the shoulders 14 thereofride uponthe upper faces of said bars whereupon the nails will slide downwardlyby gravity. A pair of spring fingers 52 are reciprocally mounted inalignment with the perforation 39 in the table 20 and are adapted to bedrawn into the nail feed 46 to engage a nail 10 and to be subsequentlyprojected outwardly over the center of perforation 39 in the table 20.The fingers 52 are again withdrawn as the hammer 47 descends so that thefingers are entirely clear of the hammer by the time said hammer reachesthe level of the fingers 52. This reciprocating move- 'ment isaccomplished by means of a bell crank lever 53 engaging a slotted block54 upon which the spring fingers 52 are secured by any suitable meanssuch as screws 55. Movement of the bell crank' lever 53 is The bars 49and 50 are diseffected by means of a U-shaped member 56 which is securedto the main plunger 38 of the, punch press so that upward and downwardmovement of the plunger 38 will effect a rocking of the bell crank lever53 about its pivotal mounting 57, so that the block 54 and springfingers 52 attached thereto, are reciprocated into and out of the nailfeed member 46 for grasping a nail 10 and projecting it over registeringperforations 22 and 39 in the revolving plate 21 and table 20respectively where it is subsequently passed through a washer 12 whichis swaged thereon as heretofore described.

As previously set forth, the various moving parts are actuated insynchrouism. The hopper 18 presents a continuous supply of washers 12 tothe fingers 24. The p unger 36 pushes one of the washers 12 into eachsuccessive perforation 22 as it is brought to rest in registry with saidplunger. The nail feed device 46 presents a nail point downwardly overthe perforation 39 and split swage 15 through the agency of the springfingers 52. At the time the nail is introduced through the washer andinto the split swage 15, the component members are separated or in anopen position at the bell mouthed end carrying the swaging edge 16. Asthe hammer 47 and plunger 44 descend, the spring fingers 52 arewithdrawn whereupon the bell mouthed swage 15 is raised at the time thehammer 47 reaches the upper face of the washer 12. Thus it will be seenthat the force of descending hammer 47 and the force of descendingplunger 44 through rocking member 42 are directed to opposite sides ofthe washer so that the cutting or swaging edge 16 of the bell mouthedpunch 15 will swage the material in the. washer 12 inwardly about theshank of the nail at the same time the shoulder 14 of the nail is beingdriven against the washer. In this way, a very effective connection ismade between the nail and washer. The table 20 is provided with anarcuate slot 58 extending from the perforation 39 for a distance equalto that through which the revolving table 22 moves during one impulse.At this place, the table 20 is provided with a perforation I 59 ofsufficient diameter to permit the finishcd double headed nail to droptime through into any suitable container. A suitable plunger 60 isprovided to cause the nail to be forced through the perforation 59 inthe event that it should tend to hang therein.

The mechanism just described may be provided by relatively lightermechanisms than was required for the old driving feed mechanism whichrequired considerable power to operate. The new double headed nail madeby my improved method, is of lighter weight than the old square collartype nail and consequently a greater number of nails per pound may behad by the new method. This is advantageous to/the shipper, to theworkman and to the purchaser. The shipper can ship a greater number ofnails for a lesser transportation cost, the workman may carry a greaternumber of nails in his work apron when he is upon a scaffold and theuseror purchaser will get more, nails per pound and more nails for lessmoney than he would get if he purchased nails of the old square collarWhat I claim is:

1. In a device of the class described the combination with anintermittently rotatable table having perforations therein, means forinserting circular washers in the perforations in said table, means forinserting a headed nail in the perforation in the washer, a sectionalbell mouthed swage adapted to clamp about the nail with the washer inengagement upon the mouth of the swage, and plunger means adapted todrive the washer and nail against the swage whereby the washer materialis forced into binding relation upon the'nail.

2. In a device of the class described the combination with anintermittently rotatable table having perforations therein, means forinserting circular washers in the perforations in said table, means forinserting a headed nail in the perforation in the washer, a sectionalbell mouthed swage adapted to clamp about the nail with the washer inengagement upon the mouth of the swage, plunger means adapted to drivethe washer and nail against the swage whereby the washer material isforced into binding relation upon the nail, and means for effectingsynchronized movement of the rotatable plate, washer inserting means,nail inserting means and swaging means.

3. In a device of the class described the combination with a stationarytable, a perforate rotatable plate mounted upon the stationary table,means for imparting intermittent motion to the rotatable plate, a hopperand feed mechanism for inserting washers in the perforations in therotatable plate, a nail feed mechanism for inserting nails in thewashers disposed within the erforations in the rotatable plate, a splitell mouthed swage adapted to open to receive a nail and to close forclamping said nail with a washer resting upon the bell mouth of saidswage, and plunger means for driving the washer and nail against thebell mouthed swage.

4. In a device for forming double headed nails the combination with anintermittently movable perforate member for receiving washers, means forinserting washers in the perforations in said member, means forinserting headed nails in the perforations in the washers, a split bellmouthed swage adapted to clamp about the nail with the washer inengagement upon the mouth of said swage, and plunger means adapted todrive the washer and nail against the swage whereby the washer materialis swaged into binding relation with the nail.

5. In a device for forming double headed nails the combination with anintermittently movable perforate member for receiving washers, means forinserting washers in the perforations in said member, means for in"-serting shouldered nails in the perforations in the washers, a splitbell mouthed swage adapted to clamp about a nail with a washer inengagement with the mouth of said swage, and means for driving thewasher and swage together whereby the washer material is swaged intobinding relation with the nail.

6. In a device for forming double headed nails the combination of asectional bell mouthed swage, means for mounting said swage with themouth portion of the sections thereof spaced for receiving anddischarging a nail shank diametrically through the swage, means forefiecting closin of the sections of said swage whereby to 0 amp a nailshank, means for moving a headed nail and a loosely associated washerinto said last mentioned position with the shank of the nail clamped inthe swage and the washer resting upon the mouth of said swage, meansadapted to abut the top face of the washer and the head of the nail andmeans for simultaneously raising the swage whereby the swage is causedto force a portion of the washer stock on the lower face of the washerinwardly for forcing the stock adjacent said lower face into bindingrelation with the shank of the nail.

7 In a machine of the class described the combination of a table meansfor positioning and moving perforate washers, a nail feed device fordepositing a shouldered nail in the perforation in each washer, avertically disposed sectional swage member, means to separate thesectlons of the swage to receive a nail, means for closing and raisinthe swage whereby the nail is clamped and one face ofthe washer iscaused to rest upon the swage and means for simultaneously striking theopposite face of the washer.

8. In a device of the class described the combination of a slotted tablemember, a movable table member having a perforation therein above theslot in the first mentioned table, a rocker member pivotally mountedbeneath the tables, a normally opened sectional swage carried by saidrocker, a hammer adapted to descend into the perforation and a ram formoving the rocker about its mounting for raising the swage into the slotin the table whereby to close the swage.

9. In a device of the class described the combination of a movablemember having perforations therein, means for depositing perforatewashers in said perforations, a stationary member beneath the movablemember and upon which the washers are supported and over which saidwashers are moved by the movable member, said sta tionary member havinga way therethrough, means for depositing a shouldered nail in theperforation in each washer, said nails being adapted to extend throughthe way in the stationary meinber, a sectional swage member havingnormally separated sections between which the depending nails may move,means for bringing together the portions of the swage in clampingengagement about a nail and for moving the swage into abutment withthelower face of the washer thereon and hammer means operative on theopposite side of the washer when the nail is clamped in the swagewhereby the stock about the perforation on one side of the washer isswaged inwardly into binding relation with the nail.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19th dayof May,

NATHANIEL YATES, J a.

